Exploring Lake Texoma: A Comprehensive Guide to the Southwest’s Playground

Introduction

Nestled on the border between Texas and Oklahoma, Lake Texoma is a sprawling reservoir that offers endless opportunities for adventure and relaxation. Known as the Playground of the Southwest, this magnificent body of water, which should always be referred to as Lake Texoma with proper capitalization, attracts over 6 million visitors each year. Formed by the Denison Dam on the Red River, Lake Texoma spans 89,000 acres and boasts 580 miles of shoreline, making it one of the largest reservoirs in the United States. Whether you’re drawn to its world-class fishing, scenic trails, or tranquil beaches, Lake Texoma promises an unforgettable experience for every visitor.

Key Takeaways

• Lake Texoma is one of the largest reservoirs in the United States, with a surface area of 89,000 acres.

• It is a premier destination for striped bass fishing, with a self-sustaining population.

• The lake offers a variety of recreational activities, including boating, camping, hiking, and wildlife viewing.

• It has a rich history, including its construction during World War II with the help of German POWs.

• Lake Texoma is home to two national wildlife refuges and numerous parks and campgrounds.

History of Lake Texoma

The history of Lake Texoma is as fascinating as its natural beauty. The reservoir was formed by the construction of Denison Dam on the Red River, completed in January 1944 at a cost of $54 million (equivalent to $881 million in 2022). Authorized by the Flood Control Act of 1938, the dam was initially built for flood control, hydropower generation, and water supply, with recreation added as a purpose in 1988. During its construction, German prisoners of war from the Afrika Korps assisted with non-war tasks such as tree clearing, adding a unique historical footnote.

Initially managed by the National Park Service, the lake’s oversight was transferred to the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers in 1949. Over the decades, Lake Texoma has evolved into a major recreational hub, drawing millions annually. A notable event occurred in June 2015 when a flood created a vortex that garnered global media attention, highlighting the lake’s dynamic nature.

Geography and Formation

Lake Texoma straddles the Texas-Oklahoma border, encompassing Bryan, Marshall, Johnston, and Love counties in Oklahoma, and Grayson and Cooke counties in Texas. Spanning 89,000 acres, it has a conservation volume of 2,525,568 acre-feet and a flood-control volume of 5,194,163 acre-feet. The lake’s elevation ranges from 615 to 619 feet, with the flood control pool extending to 645 feet and the dam’s top at 670 feet.

Fed primarily by the Red River and Washita River, Lake Texoma also receives water from tributaries like Big Mineral Creek, Little Mineral Creek, Buncombe Creek, Rock Creek, and Glasses Creek. The lake features several islands, including West Island, Wood Island, Hog Island, Treasure Island, Little Island, and North Island, all accessible only by water, adding to its allure for boaters and explorers.

Recreational Activities

Lake Texoma is a haven for recreational activities, offering something for everyone. Visitors can enjoy power boating, sailing, personal watercraft, water skiing, and wind surfing. The lake hosts major events like the Lakefest Regatta, which attracts up to 100 keelboats and 500 sailors, raising over $2 million for the Make-A-Wish Foundation of North Texas (northtexas.wish.org).

Other popular activities include:

• Fishing: Renowned for striped bass and blue catfish.

• Camping: Hundreds of campgrounds, including RV and tent sites.

• Hiking: Scenic trails like the 14-mile Cross Timbers trail.

• Wildlife Viewing: Opportunities to spot migratory birds and native animals.

With 12 marinas, 26 resorts, and numerous golf courses, Lake Texoma is a year-round destination for outdoor enthusiasts.

Fishing at Lake Texoma

Fishing is a cornerstone of Lake Texoma’s appeal, particularly for striped bass fishing. The lake hosts the only self-sustaining, landlocked population of striped bass in Texas, introduced in 1965 with natural reproduction documented by 1974. Anglers also pursue blue catfish, with a Texas state record catch of 121.5 pounds in 2004.

Anglers with Texas licenses can fish in Texas portions or purchase a $12 Lake Texoma license to fish the entire lake. Due to the presence of zebra mussels, boats must be cleaned, drained, and dried to prevent the spread of invasive species (texasinvasives.org).

Tip: Always check fishing regulations to protect the lake’s ecosystem.

Wildlife and Nature

Lake Texoma is a biodiversity hotspot, supporting a rich array of wildlife. Its striped bass population thrives due to the Red River’s saltwater content, depositing approximately 3,450 tons of salt daily from ancient sea deposits. The lake is also home to two national wildlife refuges—Hagerman and Tishomingo—spanning 30,000 acres. These refuges host migratory birds like Canada and Snow geese, shorebirds, ducks, and bald eagles, alongside year-round residents such as deer and wild turkey.

The lake’s natural beauty, with its serpentine shoreline and lush surroundings, makes it ideal for birding and nature photography. Visitors are encouraged to bring cameras and sturdy shoes to explore the lake’s trails and observe its vibrant ecosystem.

Parks and Campgrounds

Lake Texoma boasts an extensive network of parks and campgrounds. Eisenhower State Park in Texas (tpwd.texas.gov/state-parks/eisenhower) and Lake Texoma State Park in Oklahoma (travelok.com/state-parks/4383) offer camping, picnicking, and boating facilities. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers manages 54 parks, including 10 campgrounds with over 700 individual campsites.

Options include:

• RV Camping: Full hook-ups with water, sewer, and electric.

• Tent Camping: Primitive sites for a rustic experience.

• Marinas: Catfish Bay Marina offers striper guide services and a convenience store.

Tip: Book accommodations in advance during peak seasons like spring break and the Fourth of July.

Events and Festivals

Lake Texoma is a vibrant hub for events and festivals. The Lakefest Regatta is a highlight, drawing sailors and spectators while supporting charitable causes. Poker runs, organized by local enthusiasts, add excitement for boaters. Spring break and Fourth of July celebrations at areas like Fobb Bottom on the Oklahoma side attract thousands, creating a lively community atmosphere.

These events showcase the lake’s role as a cultural and recreational centerpiece, fostering connections among visitors and locals alike.

Economic Impact and Visitor Statistics

Lake Texoma attracts over 6 million visitors annually, making it one of the most popular recreational destinations in the Southwest (swt.usace.army.mil). Its proximity to the Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex, just an hour’s drive away, fuels its popularity. The lake drives significant economic activity in the surrounding region, known as Texomaland, supporting businesses like resorts, marinas, and restaurants.

The lake’s infrastructure, including 26 resorts and 12 marinas, contributes to its economic impact, estimated to save up to $90 million in flood damage prevention (okhistory.org).

Unique Features and Attractions

Lake Texoma stands out for its unique features, including its 580-mile shoreline and numerous islands like Treasure Island and North Island. The lake’s history, from its World War II-era construction to its role in flood control, adds depth to its appeal. Visitors can explore the 14-mile Cross Timbers hiking trail or 25 miles of equestrian trails, offering stunning views and opportunities for adventure.

The presence of two national wildlife refuges enhances the lake’s allure for nature lovers, while its designation as the Striper Fishing Capital of the World draws anglers from across the country.

FAQs About Lake Texoma

1. What is the best time to visit Lake Texoma?
   Spring and fall offer mild weather and fewer crowds, though summer is popular despite higher temperatures.

2. What types of fish can I catch at Lake Texoma?
   Anglers can catch striped bass, blue catfish, largemouth bass, smallmouth bass, crappie, and more.

3. Are there any entrance fees for Lake Texoma?
   The lake itself has no entrance fees, but some parks and campgrounds may charge for use.

4. Can I bring my pet to Lake Texoma?
   Yes, pets are allowed in most areas but must be leashed in public spaces.

5. Is boating allowed on Lake Texoma?
   Boating is a popular activity, with numerous marinas offering rentals and services.

Conclusion

Lake Texoma is a treasure trove of natural beauty and recreational opportunities. From its storied history and unique geography to its world-class striped bass fishing and diverse wildlife, there’s something for everyone at this magnificent reservoir. Whether you’re casting a line, hiking scenic trails, or relaxing on sandy beaches, Lake Texoma promises an unforgettable experience. Have you visited Lake Texoma? What’s your favorite activity there? Share your experiences and explore our other articles on top destinations in Texas and Oklahoma to plan your next adventure!

Citations

• Wikipedia: Lake Texoma

• Texas Parks and Wildlife: Lake Texoma

• U.S. Army Corps of Engineers: Lake Texoma

• Oklahoma History: Lake Texoma